Objective: A simple structural transformation was carried out on the drug transport vehicle without changing its appearance and function. Combined with Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) distribution system to complete the delivery of drugs, improve working efficiency and completely solve the problem of accidental drug overloading. Methods: The drug delivery cart was structurally transformed by drilling holes on the side of the medicine cart and installing a docking device for convenient storage, and the existing piggyback AGV of the hospital was trailed. The distribution performance of manual traditional drug delivery cart (Manual group) and AGV guided drug delivery vehicles (AGV group) were further compared and analyzed, which includes delivery time, working efficiency, damage rate of drug and accident rate of the drug delivery vehicles, and the distribution performance of the modified drug delivery vehicles was evaluated. Results: Overall, delivery time of AGV group was significantly shorter than that of Manual group (P＜0.01). The average single delivery time of Manual group decreased at first and followed by an increase, while that of AGV group kept decreasing. Damage rate of drug in AGV group was lower than that of Manual group, while the accident rate of cart was higher compared with that ofthe manual group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). Conclusion: In this study, a greater benefit was obtained while less resource investment was utilized as a result of the structural transformation of drug delivery cart and the application of existing AGV in our hospital. Compared with the traditional manual distribution method, delivery time of AGV guided drug cart was significantly shortened, but whether the error rate could be reduced needs to be further investigated in the long-term practice.