目的：比较SD大鼠经肌肉注射和腹腔注射舒泰® 50或盐酸塞拉嗪后的麻醉效果，并比较腹腔注射后对血液学、血清生化指标及主要脏器的病理学影响。方法：以腹腔注射给予戊巴比妥钠作为对照，设置低、中、高3个剂量的舒泰® 50或盐酸塞拉嗪肌肉注射和腹腔注射麻醉SD大鼠，观察其麻醉诱导时间、 维持时间和苏醒时间。大鼠腹腔注射舒泰® 50(50 mg·kg-1)和盐酸塞拉嗪(25 mg·kg-1)麻醉后约 20 min采血并分离主要脏器，比较血液学、血清生化指标及组织病理学检查结果。结果：舒泰® 50的2种给予方式的麻醉效果无明显差异，且诱导时间较盐酸塞拉嗪短而维持时间更长；腹腔注射舒泰® 50或盐酸塞拉嗪对血液学、血清生化指标及组织病理学均无明显影响。结论：与盐酸塞拉嗪相比，舒泰® 50对SD 大鼠的麻醉效果更好，可应用于大鼠的毒理学评价研究。
Objective: To compare the anesthesia effects of SD rats after intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil® 50 or Xylazine, and to compare the effects of intraperitoneal injection on hematology, serum biochemical indexes and pathology of main organs. Methods: Intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital was used as a control group. SD rats were anesthetized by intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil® 50 or Xylazine at low, medium and high doses, and the induction time, duration time of anesthesia and recovery time were observed. The rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil® 50 (50 mg·kg-1) and Xylazine (25 mg·kg-1), and their blood samples and main organs were separated after about 20 min, and then the results of hematological test, serum biochemical test, and histopathological examination were compared. Results: There was no significant difference on the anesthetic effect between the two administration methods of Zoletil ®50, while the induction time was shorter and the duration time was longer than that of Xylazine. There was no significant effect on hematology, serum biochemical indexes and histopathologyby intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil® 50 or Xylazine. Conclusion: Compared with Xylazine, the anesthetic effect of Zoletil® 50 on SD rats is much better and Zoletil® 50 can be used in toxicological evaluation studies of rats.
[1] 黄振兴,李宏霞.药物安全性评价中的实验动物福利 [J].中国比较医学杂志,2009,19(7):68-70.
[2] 李丹,郭玉莹,邓昊,等.实验动物麻醉剂使用的福利伦理问题研究进展[J].中国比较医学杂志,2017,27(9):87-91.
[3] 于布为,薛庆生,罗艳.吸入麻醉药物的研究进展[J].继续医学教育,2006,20(15):26-36.
[4] T s u k a m o t o A,K o n i s h i Y,K a w a k a m i T,e t a l.Pharmacological Properties of Various Anesthetic Protocols in 10-day-old Neonatal Rats[J].Experimental Animals,2017,66(4):397-404.
[5] 蒋懿斐.使用原基分布图技术研究观察异氟烷对新生小鼠的神经毒性 [D].温州:温州医科大学,2015.
[6] Sidorova K A,Dragich O A,Ermolina S A,et al.Ecological and Physiological Assessment of Animal Anesthesia Methods[J].KnE Life Sciences,2019,4(14):712-718.
[7] 聂永胜,杨立峰,林美琼,等.动物实验中常用麻醉药应用[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2019(4):34-35.
[8] 李少春,马丽娜,李峰杰,等.不同浓度水合氯醛对大鼠的麻醉作用比较[J].中国药业,2014,23(19):22-23.
[9] Chen G,Wen H,Mao Z,et al.Assessment of the Pig-a,Micronucleus,and Comet Assay Endpoints in Rats Treated by Acute or Repeated Dosing Protocols with Procarbazine Hydrochloride and Ethyl Carbamate[J].Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis,2019,60(1):56-71.
[10] 姜龙.小动物麻醉药物及麻醉技术研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2021,42(5):101-107.
[11] ICH H.Guidance on Nonclinical Safety Studies for the Conduct of Human Clinical Trials and Marketing Authorization for Pharmaceuticals:M3(R2)[S].2009.
[12] 国家食品药品监督管理总局.药物重复给药毒性研究技术指导原则[S].2014.
[13] Brower M,Grace M,Kotz C M,et al.Comparative Analysis of Growth Characteristics of Sprague Dawley Rats Obtained from Different Sources[J].Laboratory Animal Research,2015,31(4):166-173.
[14] 刘雄飞,许俊羽,赵侠,等.临床试验尿液成瘾药物筛查探讨[J].中国临床药理学杂志,2018,34(3):371-374.
[15] 张阔,田枫,康爱君,等.戊巴比妥钠、水合氯醛、 氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉对雄性SD大鼠血液学指标的影响 [J].中国比较医学杂志,2007,17(8):496-498.
[16] Pertovaara A.Antinociception in Bulboreticular Neurons of the Rat Produced by Spinally Administered Medetomidine,an Alpha 2-adrenoceptor Agonist[J].Eur J Pharmacol,1991,204(1):9-14.
[17] 陈新建,陈彦青.α_2肾上腺素受体激动剂镇静镇痛作用的研究进展[J].医学综述,2011,17(9):1386-1388.
[18] 吴瑗,徐玉花.小动物麻醉药物及麻醉技术[J].动物保健,2006(8):46-47.
[19] 林德贵,金艺鹏,张欣珂,等.舒泰50对猫的麻醉效果试验[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会兽医外科学分会第20次学术研讨会暨第5次奶牛疾病学术会议论文集.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会,2013:104-111.
[20] 邹芦,戴天娥,卢晓,等.替来他明/唑拉西泮联合右美托咪定对BALB/c小鼠麻醉效果观察[J].实验动物与比较医学,2019,39(4):310-313.
